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Fabric Structure and Design



Fabric Structure and Design

Fabric:

A Fabric is defined as the structure made out of interlacement of Warp and Weft Yarns.

Structure:

It is defined as the order of interlacement of Warp and Weft.

Design:

It is defined as a plan which gives the appearance of the structure.

Weave:

It is defined as the order of interlacement of fabric, for example, 1/1 (1 up, 1 down) which indicates that every thread goes once up and once down i.e., there are two intersections one in warp and one in the weft.



Weave Number:

It is defined as the number of ends and picks over which the design repeats.

Example-1: 3/3 (3 up, 3 down) will have 6 ends in warp and 6 threads in weft. And the weave number is represented as 6 x 6.

Example-2: 2/2 (2 up, 2 down) will have 6 ends in warp and 6 threads in weft. And the weave number is represented as 4 x 4.



Example-3: 2/3 (2 up, 3 down) will have 6 ends in warp and 6 threads in weft. And the weave number is represented as 5 x 5.

Weave number is written on the left-hand side top.



Characteristics of Fabrics / Elements of Fabric:

Fabric is composed of

  • Warp

  • Weft

  • Selvedge

  • Body

  • Face & Back

  • Width




Elements of fabric structure:

  1. Design

  2. Draft

  3. Denting plan

  4. Peg plan

All together known as a weaving plan.

Weaving Plan is done on Graph paper (Point Paper x = point).

2 x 2 =2 ends x 2 picks.

Square Pattern: A pattern with an equal number of ends (Ends = Picks) and picks ex: 2 x 2, 4 x 4.

Square Pattern is also known as Equifaced Pattern or Balanced Pattern.

Unbalanced Pattern: Any pattern with an unequal number of ends and picks (Ends ≠ Picks).

Motif:

A motif is a small part of a design. Motif means a design that consists of recurring shapes or colors, a theme that is elaborated on in a piece of music & a unifying idea that is a recurrent element.




Weave Representation:

There are two methods of weave representation.

  1. Cross Blank System: In this system “X” is used to represent “Up” and if the “Blank box” is used to represent “Down”.

  2. AB Method of representation: “A” is used to represent “Up” and “B” is used to represent “Down”.



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