Fabric Structure and Design
Fabric:
A Fabric is defined as the structure made out of interlacement of Warp and Weft Yarns.
Structure:
It is defined as the order of interlacement of Warp and Weft.
Design:
It is defined as a plan which gives the appearance of the structure.
Weave:
It is defined as the order of interlacement of fabric, for example, 1/1 (1 up, 1 down) which indicates that every thread goes once up and once down i.e., there are two intersections one in warp and one in the weft.
Weave Number:
It is defined as the number of ends and picks over which the design repeats.
Example-1: 3/3 (3 up, 3 down) will have 6 ends in warp and 6 threads in weft. And the weave number is represented as 6 x 6.
Example-2: 2/2 (2 up, 2 down) will have 6 ends in warp and 6 threads in weft. And the weave number is represented as 4 x 4.
Example-3: 2/3 (2 up, 3 down) will have 6 ends in warp and 6 threads in weft. And the weave number is represented as 5 x 5.
Weave number is written on the left-hand side top.
Characteristics of Fabrics / Elements of Fabric:
Fabric is composed of
Warp
Weft
Selvedge
Body
Face & Back
Width
Elements of fabric structure:
Design
Draft
Denting plan
Peg plan
All together known as a weaving plan.
Weaving Plan is done on Graph paper (Point Paper x = point).
2 x 2 =2 ends x 2 picks.
Square Pattern: A pattern with an equal number of ends (Ends = Picks) and picks ex: 2 x 2, 4 x 4.
Square Pattern is also known as Equifaced Pattern or Balanced Pattern.
Unbalanced Pattern: Any pattern with an unequal number of ends and picks (Ends ≠ Picks).
Motif:
A motif is a small part of a design. Motif means a design that consists of recurring shapes or colors, a theme that is elaborated on in a piece of music & a unifying idea that is a recurrent element.
Weave Representation:
There are two methods of weave representation.
Cross Blank System: In this system “X” is used to represent “Up” and if the “Blank box” is used to represent “Down”.
AB Method of representation: “A” is used to represent “Up” and “B” is used to represent “Down”.
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