Textile technology:
It is a branch which deals with the production/ properties of elements like fibre, yarn and fabric. It also deals with the application from household to aero scope.
Textile:
Any cloth/fabric or goods, or materials which are produced by knitting, weaving, felting, braiding and nonwoven is called as textile.
Fiber:
It is a unit of matter with specific length, width and thickness and which can be spun, drafted and twisted.
Yarn:
It is nothing but the continuous length of interlocked fibers which is used in the production of textiles, weaving, knitting, sewing and embroidery.
Fabric:
The group of yarns are processed into knitting, weaving which converts yarn into fabric.
Garment:
It is an article or piece of clothing i.e. shirt, dress, suiting's, coat, trousers, sweater etc.
Apparel:
All children’s wear, women’s wear and men’s wear are called apparel.
Ginning:
The process of separating fibers from seeds is known as ginning.
Mixing:
It is a process in which two to three varieties of same kind of fibers are mixed in specific proportion to get the optimum mix which improves the final properties.
Blending:
Mixing of two to three different kinds of fibers which produce quality yarn is called blending.
Twist:
The spiral arrangement of the fibers around the axis of the yarn and it binds the fibers together which gives yarn strength.
Count:
Count is a number which represents the linear density and it also represents the fineness, coarseness or size of the yarn.
Spinning:
The process of converting fibers such as cotton, polyester, nylon etc. into continuous yarn is called spinning.
Weaving:
The interlacement of warp yarns(ends) and weft yarns(picks) into fabric is called as weaving.
Knitting:
The fabric which is formed by interloping of courses and wale yarns is called as knitting.
Nonwoven:
The fabric which is formed by bonding of fibers by chemical, mechanical or thermal means.
Braiding:
It is the method of interlacing three or more yarns to make a rope like thing.
Courser yarn:
It means thicker yarn.
Carding:
It is a mechanical process in which fibers opens, cleans, intermixes, disentangles and lays them parallel to produce a single condensed continuous untwisted strand called sliver which is suitable for upcoming processes. This can be achieved by passing the fibers between differentially moving surfaces.
Combing/Gilling:
The mechanical process of eliminating short fibers, neps and impurities by parallelizing and straightening the fibers.
Wet processing/chemical processing:
It is nothing but the finishing treatment applied on textiles to improve their performance. It includes desizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing and printing.
Sizing:
It is a process of impregnating protective adhesive/coating on warp yarn surface to withstand stresses and strains during weaving.
Desizing:
The removal of size/coating on warp yarn surface after weaving is called desizing.
Singeing:
The removal or burning off projecting fibers on fabric and yarn over a gas flame is called singeing.
Scouring:
This process removes all the oils, pectin's and waxes to get the water absorbent textile material.
Bleaching:
This process removes the natural colors from the fabric and makes the fabric whiter by the action of chemical treatment.
Mercerization:
This process is used for cellulosic materials in which lustrous appearance and strengthening of fabric takes place.
Dyeing:
The process of adding or applying color to the ready for dyeing fabric is known as dyeing.
Printing:
The process of adding color/dye or pigments to the selected areas of textile material to make the fabric decorative/attractive.
Sewing:
The process of attaching different parts of the cut pieces like collar, sleeves, yoke etc. to make
a garment with the help of needle and thread is called as sewing.
Spreading:
Spreading is a process where the fabric spreads on the table according to marker measurement is called as spreading.
Pressing:
Pressing is the process of ironing in which wrinkles or creases can be created or removed on fabric by applying heat.
Testing:
Testing is done to determine the quality, properties, end uses of different kinds of textile materials.
Inspection:
The systematic visual observation of fabrics to find out the defects which can be seen by an eye is called as inspection.
Finishing:
After the textile fibers made, they gone through different chemical and mechanical processes to improve or change the aesthetic or physical properties.